DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CIVIL AND CRIMINAL LIABILITY

Marko Stanković; Tanja Varađanin; Marija Stanković

doi:10.5937/ptp2502102V

Authors

Marko Stanković University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary in Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-479X
Tanja Varađanin University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary in Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0070-3446
Marija Stanković University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary in Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-4439

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5937/ptp2502102V

Keywords:

Civil liability, criminal liability, contractual liability, non-contractual liability

Abstract

Liability denotes the capacity of a legally competent person to distinguish permitted from prohibited acts and accordingly to be held accountable for them. Beyond the term “liability” itself, there are numerous distinctions between civil liability and criminal liability. Practically, the purpose of liability is diametrically opposed. To be liable means to bear the appropriate consequences for one’s conduct. Accordingly, whether referring to civil liability or criminal liability, the essence of both legal responsibilities lies in enduring the consequences arising from the actions of the liable party. The aim of this paper is to comprehensively and systematically, yet concisely and authentically, highlight the fundamental and most significant differences between these types of liability, also addressing, within civil liability, the distinctions between contractual and tortious (non-contractual) liability. Through reasoned explanations, derived conclusions, and detailed analysis of statutory provisions and judicial decisions, the key differences among these liabilities will be elucidated—an endeavor important for both theoretical scholarship and judicial practice.

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